nedjelja, 14. listopada 2007.

New Open World Corporation New Seven Wonders of the World


In 2001 an initiative was started by Swiss corporation New Open World Corporation (NOWC) to choose the New Seven Wonders of the World from a selection of 200 existing monuments for profit.Twenty-one finalists were announced January 1, 2006. Egypt was not happy with the fact that the only original wonder would have to compete with the likes of the Statue of Liberty, the Sydney Opera House, the Taj Mahal, and other landmarks; and called the project absurd. To solve this, Giza was named an honorary Candidate.The results were announced on July 7, 2007 and are:
Wonder
Date of construction
Location
Great Wall of China
5th century BC – 16th century
China
Petra
unknown
Jordan
Christ the Redeemer (statue)
Opened 12 October 1931
Brazil
Machu Picchu
c.1450
Peru
Chichen Itza
c.600
Mexico
Colosseum
Completed 80 AD
Italy
Taj Mahal
Completed c.1648
India
Great Pyramid (Honorary Candidate)
Completed c.2560 BC
Egypt

Underwater wonders


This list of underwater wonders is of unknown origin, but has been repeated sufficiently often to acquire a degree of notability:
Palau
Belize Barrier Reef
Great Barrier Reef
Deep-Sea Vents
Galapagos Islands
Lake Baikal
Northern Red Sea

Natural wonders


Similar to the other lists of wonders, there is no consensus on a list of seven natural wonders of the world, as there has been debate over how large the list should be. One of the many lists was compiled by CNN:
Grand Canyon
Great Barrier Reef
Harbor of Rio de Janeiro
Mount Everest
Polar Aurora
Parícutin volcano
Victoria Falls

Travel wonders


Noted travel writer Howard Hillman has compiled lists of the top man-made and naturaltourist travel wonders of the world:

Man-made travel wonders:
Great Pyramids of Giza
Great Wall of China
Taj Mahal
Machu Picchu
Bali
Angkor Wat
Forbidden City
Bagan Temples & Pagodas
Karnak Temple
Teotihuacán

Natural travel wonders:

Serengeti Migration
Galápagos Islands
Grand Canyon
Iguazu Falls
Amazon Rainforest
Ngorongoro Crater
Great Barrier Reef
Victoria Falls
Bora Bora
Cappadocia

American Society of Civil Engineers Seven Wonders of the Modern World


In the tradition of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, many other lists of wonders have been proposed, including both human feats of engineering and wonders of Nature. However, these lists are rather informal, and there is no consensus on any particular list.

The American Society of Civil Engineers compiled another list of wonders of the modern world:
Wonder
Date Started
Date Finished
Locations
Channel Tunnel
December 1, 1987
May 6, 1994
Strait of Dover, between England and France
CN Tower
February 6, 1973
June 26, 1976
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Empire State Building
January 22, 1930
May 1, 1931
New York, NY, USA
Golden Gate Bridge
January 5, 1933
May 27, 1937
Golden Gate Strait, north of San Francisco, California, USA
Itaipu Dam
January 1970
May 5, 1984
Paraná River, between Brazil and Paraguay
Delta Works
1953
May 10, 1997
Netherlands, Europe
Panama Canal
January 1, 1880
January 7, 1914
Isthmus of Panama, Central America

Seven wonders of the middle ages


Seven Wonders lists about the Middle Ages are existing historical lists for which there is no unanimity of opinion about origin, content or name. These historical lists go by names such as "Wonders of the Middle Ages" (implying no specific limitation to seven), "Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages", "Medieval Mind" and "Architectural Wonders of the Middle Ages". The lists are more properly seen as a continuing type or genre in the Seven Wonders tradition than a specific list.
It is unlikely the lists originated in the Middle Ages. Brewet's calls them "later list[s]" suggesting the lists were created after the Middle Ages. This is supported because the word medieval was not even invented until the Enlightenment-era, and the concept of a "Middle Age" did not become popular until the 16th century. Further, the Romanticism movement glorified all things related to the Middle Ages, or more specifically anything pre-Enlightenment era, suggesting such lists would have found a popular audience in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Some items found on some of the lists are not technically from the Middle Ages (according to modern historical standards), but we know the lists were not created by modern medieval historians, so such standards did not apply.
Typically representative of the seven:

Taj Mahal
Stonehenge
Colosseum
Catacombs of Kom el Shoqafa
Great Wall of China
Porcelain Tower of Nanjing
Hagia Sophia
Leaning Tower of Pisa
Other sites that have been mentioned include:
Taj Mahal
Cairo Citadel
Ely Cathedral
Cluny Abbey

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World


The historian Herodotus (484 BC–ca. 425 BC), and the scholar Callimachus of Cyrene (ca 305–240 BC) at the Museum of Alexandria, made early lists of "Seven wonders" but their writings have not survived, except as references. They included the Great Pyramid of Giza, Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Statue of Zeus at Olympia, Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, Mausoleum of Maussollos at Halicarnassus, Colossus of Rhodes, and Lighthouse of Alexandria.
The Greek category was not "Wonders" but "theamata", which translates closer to "must-sees". The list that we know today was compiled in the Middle Ages—by which time many of the sites were no longer in existence.

Wonders of the World

Various Wonders of the World lists have been compiled over the ages in order to catalogue the most spectacular natural and manmade constructions. The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World is the first known list of remarkable manmade creations of classical antiquity, and was based on guide-books popular among Hellenic sight-seers and only includes works located around the Mediterranean rim. Later lists include those for the Medieval World and the Modern World.

Taj Mahal

Taj Mahal